Figure 1 (IMAGE) Institute for Basic Science Caption Role of PV neuron activity in the awake and anesthetized brain. When the inhibitory PV neuron is activated in the awake brain, excitatory neurons are inhibited and vasoconstriction is observed (left). In the anesthetized brain, substance P is secreted by the PV neurons, which activates nNOS neurons and causes slow vasodilation (right). Optical imaging was used to measure HbT (total hemoglobin), which is used to infer the level of blood flow. Credit Institute for Basic Science Usage Restrictions Attribution Required License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.