Graphical summary of the major findings of the research. Morphological differences in invasive toads between urban and rural environments. (IMAGE)

Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

Graphical summary of the major findings of the research. Morphological differences in invasive toads between urban and rural environments.

Caption

Parotoid gland sizes of urban populations were significantly smaller than those in rural populations, whereas body mass did not differ. Leg lengths of urban males were longer than those of rural males, but urban females had shorter legs than rural females. These results demonstrate that urbanization causes morphological changes in invasive toads.

Credit

Hirotaka Komine, Yamagata University

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