Acetylcholine signal cascade during an aversive learning episode (IMAGE)
Caption
Upon aversive stimulus (electric foot shock), acetylcholine activates PAK kinase through the M1R-PKC cascade to facilitate synaptic plasticity. It also enhances PKC-mediated KCNQ2 phosphorylation to stimulate neuronal excitability, which subsequently increases neural firing in response to glutamatergic input. The activation of both PAK-mediated and KCNQ2-mediated pathways result in aversive behavior.
Credit
Kozo Kaibuchi and Yukie Yamahashi from Fujita Health University
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