The IL-6-Mediated Radioresistance Model (IMAGE) Kumamoto University Caption Kumamoto University (Japan) researchers revealed that when oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells are exposed to X-ray irradiation, interleukin-6 levels increase and activate the Nrf2-antioxidant pathway. This leads to the production of antioxidants, such as Mn-SOD and IL-6, inside the nucleus and higher cancer cell radioresistance. Adapted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd on behalf of Cancer Research UK: British Journal of Cancer (Y. Matsuoka, et al., "IL-6 controls resistance to radiation by suppressing oxidative stress via the Nrf2-antioxidant pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma," British Journal of Cancer, vol. 115, no. 10, pp. 1234-1244, 2016.), copyright 2016. Credit Dr. Yuichiro Matsuoka & Dr. Hideki Nakayama Usage Restrictions This image may only be used in conjunction with the accompanying release, or stories written about the work described in the release with reference to the original work. License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.