TIA1 in the Ventral Hippocampus (IMAGE) The Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University Caption The hippocampus of a female mouse that has been genetically engineered to overproduce TIA1 protein. (The green color indicates neurons that produce excess TIA1, while the blue color lights up the nucleus of each cell to permit easier visualization of cells within the tissue). Increased levels of TIA1 protein lead to heightened activity of immune system cells such as microglia (shown in red). Immune system genes and cells not only regulate immune function, but also modulate brain function, including learning and memory. Credit Joseph Rayman/ Kandel lab/ Columbia's Zuckerman Institute Usage Restrictions Please contact Zuckerman Institute for reprint permissions License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.