Aortic Valve (IMAGE) Rice University Caption Rice University researchers are studying the characteristics of hydrogels that may be used as a tunable bioscaffold for new spongiosa, the middle tissue layer in the leaflets of heart valves. The ultimate goal is to develop synthetic replacement heart valves that mimic natural ones. Credit Dan Puperi/Rice University Usage Restrictions For news reporting purposes only. License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.