Virus Surface Chemistry (1 of 2) (IMAGE)
Caption
An isoelectric point is a common way to characterize viruses. However, it's not easy. To improve manufacturing for vaccines and gene therapy, a Michigan Tech team uses surface charge to determine the isoelectric point of different viruses. Specifically, they use a single-particle method with atomic force microscopy (AFM).
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Jess Brassard/Michigan Tech
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