Brainstem Pathway Modulates Pain in Placebo Effect (IMAGE)
Caption
A summary of brainstem regions in which signal intensity changes are significantly correlated to placebo- or nocebo abilities reveals that the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) – rostroventromedial medulla (RVM) pathway displays opposing responses. That is, signal changes in the PAG are negatively correlated with placebo-ability but positively correlated with nocebo-ability and vice versa for the RVM. Coloured lines indicate major descending pathways within the brainstem: blue = PAG-RVM axis, green = reticular-spinal cord projections, red = spinal projections from the LC.
Credit
Crawford et al., JNeurosci 2021
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