Salk - Sejnowski - Author Image (IMAGE) Salk Institute Caption Salk scientists (from left) Anto?nio Pinto-Duarte and Terrence Sejnowski discover that astrocytes, long considered sideline players in the brain, are required to establish long-lasting memories in mice. Credit Salk Institute Usage Restrictions with credit and related coverage. License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.