Karyotype (IMAGE) Johns Hopkins Medicine Caption Photograph of a karyotype - the collection of chromosomes within each cell of an organism - from a male mouse engineered by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers to model Down syndrome in a human. The rodent possesses the 20 pairs of chromosomes (including the XY pair at the end that determines gender) normally seen in a mouse plus a piece of chromosome 21 from a human cell (indicated by the yellow arrow). Down syndrome occurs in humans when there is an extra partial or entire copy of the 21st chromosome. Credit Johns Hopkins Medicine Usage Restrictions None License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.