Divergence of Archaea and Bacteria (IMAGE) University College London Caption Pumping and phospholipid membranes arose independently in archaea and bacteria. Credit Victor Sojo et al. Usage Restrictions Only after the embargo lifts at 2pm US Eastern time, Tuesday 12 August 2014 License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.