Single-Electron Pump (IMAGE) Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Caption Semiconductor single-electron current source ("single-electron pump", left), connected to the high-precision current/voltage converter ("ultrastable low-noise current amplifier" (ULCA), right). Credit Source: PTB Usage Restrictions None License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.