The Larynx Has Evolved More Rapidly in Primates (IMAGE)

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The Larynx Has Evolved More Rapidly in Primates

Caption

Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model results. (A) Phylogenetic tree and residuals from a pGLS regression of larynx size to log body-length. Carnivorans (red) exhibited smaller larynges than expected based on body size, whereas primates (blue) exhibited larger larynges. Among primates, atelids exhibited exceptionally large larynges (upper set of dashed lines), and papionines exhibited exceptionally small larynges (lower dashed lines). Arrows indicate where grade shifts in mean larynx size are estimated to have arisen; percentages indicate support for these estimations from a bootstrap analysis (see Methods). (B) Computer larynx models derived from CT scans depicted in situ for two species with comparable body lengths (71.4 cm for the red fox and 68.5 cm for the siamang), showing the larger relative size of the primate larynx. The data used to create this figure are located in S1 Data, sheet B, columns B and C. CT, computed tomography; pGLS, phylogenetic generalized least squares.

Credit

Bowling et al, 2020

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