Biogeochemical cycles billions of years ago (IMAGE)

University of Tokyo

Biogeochemical cycles billions of years ago

Caption

A complex web of interactions between geological features including volcanoes, subsurface mantle, oceans and the atmosphere created the chemical mixture necessary for early life to oxygenate our atmosphere.

Credit

©2025 Watanabe et al. CC-BY-ND

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Credit must be given to the creator. No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted.

License

CC BY-ND

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