Figure 1 (IMAGE) Higher Education Press Caption The overall relationship between the attacker and the ego system. The black solid arrows indicate the direction of data flow, the red solid ones indicate the direction of gradient flow and the red dotted ones mean the attack actions from the attacker onto specific communication channels. Credit Lei YUAN, Feng CHEN, Zongzhang ZHANG, Yang YU Usage Restrictions none License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.