Consistency and flexibility of character in free-ranging male African elephants across time, age, and social contexts (IMAGE)

PLOS

Consistency and flexibility of character in free-ranging male African elephants across time, age, and social contexts

Caption

A lower ranking male gives a ‘trunk-to-mouth’ salute to an older, higher-ranking individual. This greeting behavior is a very important ritual that serves to reinforce relationships between bonded individuals.

Credit

O’Connell & Rodwell, CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Usage Restrictions

Credit must be given to the creator.

License

CC BY

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