CAIN’s design, mechanism, and expected transmission pattern (IMAGE)

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CAIN’s design, mechanism, and expected transmission pattern

Caption

Design: A gRNA-Cas9 element targeting the essential no pollen germination 1 (NPG1) gene acts as a toxin; A recoded, CRISPR-resistant copy of NPG1 serves as the antidote. The genetically linked cargo can be any gene intended for propagation within a natural population. Mechanism: The toxin is expressed in diploid cells and disrupts both copies of NPG1 thus preventing pollen germination. The antidote provides rescue only in pollen cells that carry CAIN. Transmission: Distinct from Mendelian inheritance, CAIN can rapidly spread through population.

 

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