Block diagram of the visual and tactile display features of the BTS simulator. (IMAGE)
Caption
the BTS simulator consists of two main components: visual rendering and haptic rendering. Visual rendering involves reconstructing and rendering surgical instruments and brain tissue, displayed through the HTC VIVE Pro head-mounted display device, allowing doctors to achieve realistic visual effects visually. In order to make the doctor feel smooth and free of stuttering visually, we ensure that the visual rendering of the surgical scene is above 60HZ. Haptic rendering uses force feedback devices to interact with virtual objects and update haptics in real time. Human's sense of touch is very sensitive, and if the tactile rendering is not enough, it will feel less real. Therefore, when we perform tactile rendering, we ensure that the tactile rendering in the surgical scene is above 1000HZ. It enables the doctor to feel the force feedback smoothly when controlling the force feedback equipment for surgical operation. The surgeon operates the force feedback device to complete the neurosurgery tasks in three scenarios of skull drilling, meningeal cutting, and tumor resection. Before starting the simulation, each participant was informed orally and in writing of all procedures and equipment needed to complete the task. Without any prior practice, each participant performed the task once, and there was no outside interference during the experiment.
Credit
Beijing Zhongke Journal Publising Co. Ltd.
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CC BY