Concept and principle of ultra-low frequency magnetic energy focusing technology. (IMAGE)
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(a1) System design of the ULFMEF developed for wireless charging of implantable electronic devices, where the ULFMEF system consisted of an IMER and an EMET. (a2) Schematic showing the typical working frequency of ULFMEF, compared to other wireless energy transfer such as electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic resonance, electromagnetic induction, magnetoelectric material, ultrasound and near-infrared light effects. (b) Illustration of the working mechanism of ULFMEF system applied for wireless electrical stimulation and light-induced optogenetic stimulation in deep tissues. (c) Structure diagram and physical photograph of the EMET, which utilized motor to control the rotation of magnet to generate low-frequency magnetic field. (d) Schematic diagram and photograph of the IMER combined with a rectifier circuit. (e) Schematic diagram showing the external/internal magnetism synergistically electricity generating process in a typical cycle and during multi-cycles. The electricity generated in the IMER through two pathways, including EMET-induced Ee via external pathway and MIFC-induced Ei via internal pathway, respectively.
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