Schematic diagram of the CSBP algorithm (IMAGE) Science China Press Caption In contrast to the common surrogate gradient scheme in (a), the chaotic spiking backpropagation (CSBP) algorithm introduces an additional brain-inspired loss function, losschaos , which comes from the output of each neuron and generates global chaotic dynamics. Credit ©Science China Press Usage Restrictions Use with credit. License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.