image (IMAGE) Higher Education Press Caption Network analysis showing the connectedness among genera of bacteria in the soils (a) under the low-N group (N0 and N135) and (b) the high-N group (N225 and N360). Nodes (colored dots) mean the genera that involved in the networks and links mean the relationship among the nodes. Red lines represent significant positive (Spearman’s correlation, r > 0.7 and P < 0.01) relationships, and blue lines denote negative (Spearman’s correlation, r < −0.7 and P < 0.01) relationships. The different colored dots represent the different phyla that the genera belong to. The numbers inside the nodes are the keystone genera (top five based on the betweenness centrality score) in the network. Unique node-level topological features of the bacterial networks in the soils of the low-N group and the high-N group (c-e), specifically the degree, closeness centrality and average shortest path length. “*”, “**”, “***” represent P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively. Credit Linchuan Fang, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education Usage Restrictions none License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.