Membrane invagination induced by Atg8-E1-E2-E3 (IMAGE)

Japan Science and Technology Agency

Membrane invagination induced by Atg8-E1-E2-E3

Caption

  1. Autophagosomes are formed by membrane expansion and invagination, during which intracellular proteins, organelles, etc. are sequestered into autophagosomes. The sequestered materials are degraded upon fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes/vacuoles.
  2. Lipidated Atg8, which is abundant in isolation membranes, is formed by Atg7 (E1), Atg3 (E2), and Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex (E3). This enzymatic reaction is called the lipidation reaction.
  3. When Atg8 lipidation reaction is performed on a prolate-shaped unilamellar membrane, the membrane morphology changes from a prolate shape to a spherical shape with in-bud.

(Scale bar: 5 micrometers)

Credit

Nobuo Noda

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