Figure 1 (IMAGE)

Institute for Basic Science

Figure 1

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Spin one-half moments on a square lattice. In addition to the classical antiferromagnetic order (classical AF), the spin moments can have various magnetic ground states, such as superposition of spin-singlet configurations (resonant valence bond; RVB) or antiferromagnet with large quantum fluctuations (quantum AF). In iridium oxide Sr2IrO4, spin quadrupole moments coexist with a canted antiferromagnet order.

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