News by Subject Medicine & Health

Public Release: 22-Oct-2018

Protein found in patients with severe asthma can help identify who would benefit from targeted drugs

In a novel study, researchers succeeded in identifying patients with a form of severe asthma (type 2 endotype) by measuring periostin concentrations in their airways. These patients with the type 2 (T2) endotype may benefit from newly developed targeted treatments that have the potential to transform their quality of life, report researchers in the journal CHEST®.

Journal: Chest

Public Release: 22-Oct-2018

Nose breathing enhances memory consolidation

Society for Neuroscience

Breathing through the nose may improve the transfer of experience to long-term memory, finds a study of human adults published in JNeurosci. The findings add to growing evidence for the influence of respiration on human perception and cognition.

Journal: Journal of Neuroscience
Funder: Swedish Research Council, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation

Public Release: 19-Oct-2018

Validating a new definition for respiratory failure in children

Children's Hospital Los Angeles

According to a first-of-its-kind international study, a new definition of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PARDS) results in a more accurate diagnosis of many more children with the rapidly progressive disease than the widely used adult definition.

Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

Public Release: 19-Oct-2018

New research shows benefits of exercise for first time in advanced lung cancer

European Society for Medical Oncology

Most people with lung cancer are unaware of the benefits of regular exercise, yet new data show it can significantly reduce fatigue and improve well being. Results of two studies to be presented at the ESMO 2018 Congress in Munich underline the value of exercise, including in patients with advanced or metastatic lung cancer.

Journal: Annals of Oncology
Meeting: ESMO 2018 Congress

Public Release: 19-Oct-2018

Length of breathing disruption in OSA may be better predictor of mortality risk

American Thoracic Society

How long a person with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) stops breathing may be a better predictor of mortality risk from OSA than the number of times they stop breathing, according to new research published online in the American Thoracic Society's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Public Release: 19-Oct-2018

1 in 4 @JUULvapor tweeps is underage, a #PublicHealth concern

University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences

E-cigarette brand JUUL's Twitter handle is attracting adolescents to the point that at least a quarter of its followers appear to be under age 18. Many of these minors -- to whom it is illegal to sell nicotine-delivery products -- are retweeting JUUL's messages, amplifying its advertisements.

Journal: Journal of Adolescent Health
Funder: NIH/National Cancer Institute, Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products, NIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development

Public Release: 18-Oct-2018

Allergy research: Test predicts outcome of hay fever therapies

Technical University of Munich (TUM)

Allergen-specific immunotherapy can considerably improve everyday life for allergy sufferers. It is unclear, however, what exactly happens during this treatment. A team at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München investigated the processes taking place in the body over the course of a three-year allergen-specific immunotherapy. The researchers found clues as to why the allergy immunization takes so long and how the chances of success can be determined at a very early stage.

Journal: EBioMedicine
Funder: Allergopharma GmbH & Co. KG, German Center for Lung Research

Public Release: 17-Oct-2018

High-dose radiation therapy improves survival in patients once thought incurable

American Society for Radiation Oncology

In the first randomized, phase II clinical trial of its kind, researchers have shown that an aggressive form of high-precision radiation therapy can greatly increase how long oligometastatic patients live and doubles how long they live without cancer. The findings will be presented in a news briefing and the plenary session at the 60th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) next week.

Meeting: American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) 60th Annual Meeting

Public Release: 17-Oct-2018

How drug-resistant TB evolved and spread globally

University College London

The most common form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) originated in Europe and spread to Asia, Africa and the Americas with European explorers and colonialists, reveals a new study led by UCL and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.

Journal: Science Advances
Funder: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre

Public Release: 16-Oct-2018

Video monitoring of tuberculosis treatment effective in urban and rural areas

University of California - San Diego

Researchers from University of California San Diego School of Medicine, with statewide collaborators, report that patients who recorded videos of themselves taking tuberculosis (TB) medications better adhered to treatment than patients who were observed in-person.

Journal: Emerging Infectious Diseases
Funder: California HealthCare Foundation, National Institutes of Health, UC San Diego Center for AIDS Research

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