Molecular mechanisms identified in chronic skin inflammation
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Frequently occurring chronic skin inflammation like in atopic dermatitis (AD or neurodermatitis) and psoriasis have different causes. A team at MedUni Vienna has now been able to identify new molecular mechanisms as causes that could provide suitable starting points for new therapies.
Researchers note that Phase 3 clinical data from the Moderna vaccine trial did show delayed skin hypersensitivity in a small number of the more than 30,000 trial participants. However, the authors say the large, red, sometimes raised, itchy or painful skin reactions were never fully characterized or explained, and they warn clinicians may not be prepared to recognize them and guide patients on treatment options and completion of the second dose of the vaccine.
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Lactate, a compound present in sweat, is an important biomarker to quantify during exercise. However, available wearable sensors can cause skin irritation, which calls for the use of different materials. In a recent study, scientists at Tokyo University of Science have developed a soft and nonirritating microfluidic sensor for the real-time measurement of lactate concentration in sweat. This wearable device will help monitor the state of the body during intense physical exercise or work.
Melanoma is by far the deadliest form of skin cancer, but very few people get a full skin exam by a dermatologist every year. Now, a new AI system designed by the Wyss Institute and MIT based on convolutional deep neural networks has successfully replicated dermatologists' "ugly duckling" process of evaluating multiple skin lesions with ~90% accuracy using smartphone images, allowing effective screening for melanoma at the population level and reducing deaths.